Mixed Important Questions

# Report the various stages of a labour dispute, from early discontent through to a satisfactory solution.

Ans:

A labour dispute is the outcome of the differences between the employer and the employees or a body of employees (union) regarding the terms of employment or non-employment (i.e. conditions of labour), cooperation between them is essential for success of any firm. The maintenance and promotion of industrial peace is an essential requirement for harmonious industrial relations system. Accordingly, labour policy prescribes measures to secure and sustain cooperation by limiting the chances of conflict between management and union. However, in spite of such policies in favor of cooperation, the workers and employers are often found in conflict situations even in firms known for good labour-management relations.

Various stages of dispute settlement have been suggested ranging from negotiation to judicial settlement of dispute. In theory, the labour dispute resolution system should be a linear process: consultation, mediation, arbitration, litigation in court of first instance, appeal, etc. In reality, however, the process is much more fluid with the emphasis being placed by the authorities at all stages on mediation rather the more formal arbitration and litigation procedures. Thus, even if a case does make it to a labour dispute arbitration committee (LDAC) or the civil courts, those institutions will often still urge the parties to a agree to a mediated settlement rather than issue a formal ruling. 

The popular four-stage framework begins with an informal “consultation” between the two parties. If the consultation stage fails to resolve the dispute or is simply ignored, the two parties can move on to mediation or more formal arbitration. And if a worker plaintiff is dissatisfied with the result of an arbitration hearing, they can bring the case to the civil courts for adjudication. The current emphasis on mediation in labour disputes reflects a shift towards mediated settlements as a whole. 

Taken From: https://www.google.com.np/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiX7cLq8r7UAhUHRY8KHThfBR0QFggoMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fteachforlifewithnarayan.files.wordpress.com%2F2015%2F12%2Fbbs-ii-year-english-model-question-solution.docx&usg=AFQjCNG7zhTHaF6Aao9K8rrnIVXiy-RAKA&sig2=a1VP2m4bciFbA6YmdGlmmQ

# Think about your country over the past five years, what is like now, and how it might change in the next five years. Include the following topics in your essay.

·         lifestyles and the standard of living

·         the economy

·         the government

·         relations with other countries

Our Country: Past and Next Five Years

Our world is ever changing. Everything is changeable and nothing remains static. Our country cannot be an exception. Some changes bring positive results and some bring negative changes.

Our country Nepal has recently gone through several ups and downs. Our country has seen a lot of changes over the past five years and lots of things are likely to change in the next five years. Let's discuss some of the topics:

Lifestyles and the standard of living

Nepal is a developing country. The majority of the people live in rural areas so they have a simple yet difficult lifestyle. The urban areas have modern facilities but the rural areas still lack basic infrastructures. Few years ago, the rural areas were out of the touch from the communication but now most of the people have access to cell phones and internet.

Our lifestyle was based on traditional customs but now we are are greatly influenced by modern western lifestyles. This is more likely to increase in the next five years. As people are involved in economic activities, the standard of living is improving.

The Economy

The economy of our country depended mainly on agriculture in the past. Now, our economy relies on remittance. In the next five years, this trend seems to be continued. Recently, there has been an increase in the industrial sector. Industrial sector is likely to grow in the next five years. In the past, energy crisis was a great problem for economic progress but now the energy crisis is over. Because of this our country is likely to achieve a double-digit economic growth rate.

The Government

In the past, we had a centralized government system. With the new constitution (2072) we are now a federal state. That means Nepal is practicing the real decentralization process. This government system is likely to develop our remote and less developed villages. People are likely to practise the real democratic values from their local government.

Relations with other countries

Our country has friendly relations with all other countries in the world. Nepal is situated in between two large countries: India and China. Nepal depended on India for almost all the supplies and goods in the past. Now, the politicians are trying to establish a trade relationship with China. In the next five years, Nepal is likely to do more trade with China and lessen the dependency on India.

Nepal is undergoing a political transition from a central state to a federal state. Because of this lots of new changes are seen. These changes if properly managed can bring positive results. If everything works fine our country is likely to progress a lot in the next five years.

# Write a recipe for one of your favorite food.

Ingredients

•        8 ounces thin lo mein noodles

•        1 tablespoon peanut oil

•        1 carrot, julienned

•        1/2 head Napa cabbage, sliced thin

•        1/2 onion, sliced

•        1/4 cup chicken broth

•        1/4 cup low-sodium soy sauce

•        1 teaspoon sesame oil

•        Sliced green onions, for topping

Directions

Bring a pot of water to a boil and cook the noodles according to the package directions. Drain and set aside.

Heat a skillet over medium-high heat and add the peanut oil. Add the carrots, cabbage and onions and cook for 1 minute. Add the chicken broth, soy sauce and sesame oil, then toss in the noodles. Top with sliced green onions.

How to Handle a Difficult Situation in Office?

What would you do in the following situation with reasons?

• You have a brilliant idea which you tell your colleagues. One of these colleagues presents your idea to your boss without acknowledging that it was your idea.

  Do you feel happy when your friend is having full credit of the master plan and vision actually you are the originator and creator of this? Nobody becomes happy and satisfied in facing this sort of injustice. This is a good example of plagiarism where full injustice is done upon the artist and master planner. Such cases are often taken place in our life too.
  
  If one of my colleagues gets advantages of my brilliant idea sharing with the boss, I will feel get cheated and I won't remain silent. If I had this situation, I would try first of all to let know to my boss that all that brilliant vision was mine not if my friend via his voice. Then my friend will have negative remarks from my boss and I will get real credit of my noble effort. If my friend forgot out relationship and still unwilling to confess his mistakes in front of the boss, I would use another strategy to solve this problem. In this case I would present myself with my boss calmly letting him know that everything was my effort and my plan. My friend had taken benefit of opportunity and he had not got clear strategies of its execution. 
  I think at the implementation level and for the honesty sake, my boss will support my idea and will provide actual credit of my concept. I would also convince my boss that I would do my best for the betterment of the office, perfect execution of this matter plan and being ever honest with the institution. In think up to this level my problem will be solved perfectly getting my credit and moral question to my selfish friend. Even then, in case, the problem is not settled I wouldn't go back from taking legal support unless I get real compensation. The real feeling of one's creation misuse and theft is understood by real artist not by plagiators. So I will cut off my mutual relation with my selfish friend if he doesn't correct himself and reestablish our healthy relationship. 

• You notice that a colleague spends more time on the Internet than working.

  When technology is available in the workplace we have to get maximum benefits of it but we have to know that work shouldn't be hampered by out tract activities such as using internet. What do you think to your colleague who is ever clung on the internet and various applications? Obviously there will not be healthy working environment if all the personnel are not serious to works equally.
  
  As a friend, my primary concern will be to advise her/him to pay keen attention to office works. If the job is related to online booking survey, technical support it is obvious to do so. If the duty is of front desk management but the candidate is dam busy in surfing social networks - Facebook, twitter etc. the overall working channel and system is spoiled. In this situation it is injustice and against office ethics. Sometimes someone may make the workplace musical too. The creative mood and vibration will be dismissed there by this music. In this context I will advise her not to do like this. I will try my best to convince her to do according to office rule and system. If she is not still serious and repeating the work as usual. I have to follow legal official procedure. I will make complaints about her working strategy to complaint department. I will put forward some logic related unhealthy working situation, less outputs and loose motivation to other staffs because of her manner and working style. I will also consult my boss myself and tell in details about actions and side effects and short and long term bad impacts to office system because of her manner and working strategies. From the administration department, I think, a perfect solution will be sought out soon. But latter case will happen when my friend becomes very arrogant and doesn't realize her mistake doing in the office.
  
  After happening all these things, I think there will be a code and conduct; what to do and not to do in the office. 

• You see a colleague putting a couple of company pens and notepads in his/her briefcase and then going him.

  Office is the place where one works for a particular time and she/he works. If he is using official property for personal use, it is illegal and unfair. We can encounter or notice many employees overusing official stationery and other things as per their personal benefits. Nobody digest in seeing such cases in any office.
  
  If I saw a colleague putting a couple of company pens and notepads in briefcase and started going home, I would obviously take action against him. Firstly, I would try to convince him not to misuse official things for personal utilities. The office has paid him salary for all the effort he has made in the office. Stationery and other items in the office are available for official uses. They should be used officially but not personally. So I would try to convince him that he had done wrong. If he didn't realize his mistake and still kept all those things, I would have to inform to office administration. But I wouldn't bring this bad habit of my colleague public instantly. If he didn't apologize his mistake and still felt doing well, I would become compel to inform about his misdeed. If we don't correct such habits in time, they will bring worse results in long term.
  
  So far as my colleague's theft is concerned, I would do fair to the colleague as well as to the office. It would be far better for the friend to excuse and correct by returning these things. If that was not done, official punishment should be charged against him. I would also instruct others not to continue his habit for the betterment of the office and sound career and personality of any employee like him.

• A colleague speaks very rudely at a meeting with clients. However, the colleague appears to be completely unconcerned.

  The service and product providing companies should be very sensible towards the clients and their voices while dealing with them. If the clients dissatisfy with the service provided or rude manners they face from the business houses and their authorized representatives, they have to polite voice and services with smile. If there are rude remarks, treating and abusive terms, it is great loss of company itself.
  
  If I found a colleague speaking rudely at a clients meeting. I would inform him immediately with some creative techniques. Firstly, I would circulate a small informative remark on a piece of paper so that he can correct it then and there. If he didn't pay keen attention to it, I would consult him after the meeting. I would advise him to be polite, sweet and formal while dealing with the clients and their complaints. If my colleague realizes this and assures me to correct his error immediately, the problem is solved there.
  
  If the colleague was still feeling proud on speaking such rude remark in front of the clients, I should have sought some other solution. I would have to inform to the administrative department about what had happened so far. Or I would consult to the boss and clearly put what was the case and how far I tried to solve it. But I would try my best to settle his issue personally. If it is not worked. I should be responsible to correct such trend in the office. Or a business staff meeting can be called and indirectly informed all the employees regarding how to deal with the clients. This is how, I would find out the ultimate solution of this problem. 

• Your boss asks you to do some overtime on an evening when you have an important family meeting. You are currently being considered for promotion.

  Office is the place where every employee has to obey senior and do according to duty and responsibility. Boss is the highest authority who can assign all employees to do this and that. The junior employees have to do accordingly. Sometimes personal problem might occur as an obstacle to the official work. We have to exercise much to keep balance between personal and professional lives. Mostly, personal life becomes prime concern to official work but always and ever we can't express and implement them.
  
  I my boss asked me to do some overtime work on an evening when I had an important family meeting. Boss is also human and he might have some important family problems beside office. So, I would plead my boss to understand my important family meeting where I could do significant family decision. Though I was supposed to be promoted soon, more than that my family problem could be more sensitive.
  
  It is normally considered that we have to give first priority to work - work is wealth but sometimes work, money, post, facility become meaningless in front of a family problem. For example, the uneducated family is unable to finalize my teenage sister's marriage in my absence. In this case I must be there to teach all what is wrong and what is good in doing such marriage. If my mother is seriously ill and there is no fixed decision where she is supposed to be taken out. In this situation office, post promotion, wages, overtime are minor things in front of major sensitive family case. Though normally such cases are not realized properly, they are far more serious condition we can't compromise due to any name of work and duty.
  
  In my case of family meeting, my boss's work assignment as overtime and upcoming promotion I have to seek a creative solution so that office work will not be unorganized and I also will not be absent in the valuable family meeting. I will put forward my alternative employee to continue overtime job as assigned by the boss. If I convinced the boss creatively putting any problem, there would by any solution and way out.

Taken from
http://www.wisefide.com/2015/10/how-to-handle-difficult-situation-in.html